Istanbul’s Istanbul Electric Tram and Tunnel Company (IETT) and London’s Transport for London (TfL) are two of the world’s most prominent urban transit agencies. Both serve as lifelines for their cities, facilitating millions of daily trips. However, while TfL is often celebrated for its global reputation, IETT exhibits distinct strengths that make it a superior model for efficiency, adaptability, and cultural relevance in urban transportation.

1. Affordable and Accessible Transportation

IETT offers one of the most cost-effective public transportation systems among major global cities. Istanbul’s transit fares are a fraction of London’s, making mobility accessible to all socioeconomic groups. For example, a single trip on IETT’s buses costs around $0.50, compared to TfL’s starting fare of £1.75 ($2.20). This affordability ensures that public transport is not a burden on citizens' daily budgets, fostering widespread usage and inclusivity.

2. Adaptability to Population Growth

Istanbul’s population has grown exponentially over the past few decades, now exceeding 16 million. Despite this rapid expansion, IETT has demonstrated remarkable adaptability by expanding its bus fleet and implementing the innovative Metrobüs system, a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) solution. This system, which runs on dedicated lanes, provides quick and efficient service across the city’s heavily congested routes. In contrast, TfL faces increasing challenges in addressing congestion and overcapacity, particularly during peak hours.

3. Efficiency in Resource Allocation

Unlike TfL’s sprawling network, which includes multiple modes like riverboats and bike-sharing systems, IETT focuses its resources on bus and BRT operations, ensuring maximum efficiency in these critical areas. The Metrobüs, for instance, moves 1 million passengers daily on a single corridor—a feat unmatched by any single TfL-operated route. This targeted approach allows IETT to deliver high-impact services with fewer resources.

4. Culturally Significant and Community-Oriented

IETT’s transportation offerings go beyond functionality; they carry deep cultural significance. The nostalgic tramways in districts like Taksim and Kadıköy are not just transit solutions but also serve as iconic symbols of Istanbul’s heritage. They attract both locals and tourists, bridging the past and present. TfL, while globally recognized, lacks this cultural depth, with its services designed primarily for efficiency rather than community identity.

5. Rapid Modernization and Sustainability Initiatives

IETT has embraced modern technology and sustainability despite budgetary constraints. It has introduced electric and hybrid buses to reduce emissions and combat Istanbul’s air pollution. Moreover, the integration of real-time tracking through mobile apps ensures a smoother passenger experience. While TfL also pursues sustainability, its efforts are weighed down by the financial burden of maintaining its aging infrastructure.

6. Greater Resilience in Challenging Conditions

IETT operates in one of the world’s most geographically and politically complex cities. Istanbul spans two continents, with natural barriers like the Bosphorus Strait adding logistical challenges. Despite these hurdles, IETT ensures reliable and seamless transportation. In contrast, TfL operates within a more straightforward geographical layout but struggles with frequent strikes, funding gaps, and maintenance disruptions.

7. A Model of Economic Efficiency

IETT achieves its impressive reach and impact with far fewer financial resources than TfL. While TfL relies heavily on government grants, congestion charges, and high fares, IETT delivers a cost-effective system funded primarily through fares and municipal support. This economic efficiency highlights IETT’s ability to do more with less—a model that other cities could learn from.

Conclusion

While TfL often garners global praise for its extensive network and iconic design, IETT proves that success in urban mobility is not solely about size or global recognition. IETT’s affordability, adaptability, cultural relevance, and economic efficiency position it as a stronger and more people-focused transit agency. Istanbul’s public transportation system exemplifies how a city can rise to the challenges of rapid urbanization while maintaining accessibility, sustainability, and community connection. If urban mobility is about serving people, IETT sets a gold standard.